Baekje’s Government System and Attire

Baekje was a kingdom founded in 18 BCE by King Onjo. Building its foundation on the fertile natural environment of the Han River basin, the kingdom grew and flourished, reaching its peak under King Geunchogo. Baekje cultivated a refined and elegant culture, but it fell in 660 CE to the allied forces of Silla and Tang. According to legend, Onjo, the son of Jumong, moved south and established the capital at Wiryeseong in the Han River region, first naming the state Sipje. After the death of his brother Biryu, Onjo united the people under his rule, and the name was changed to Baekje, meaning “a hundred joys,” symbolizing the people’s contentment in following him.

Baekje’s governmental system developed into the office of the Sangjwa-pyeong (chief minister), the Six Jwapyeong, a 16-rank hierarchy, 22 Dammno (local administrative districts), Bangnyeong, and 22 central ministries. As depicted in Goguryeo murals, attire consisted of jackets reaching down to the waist paired with trousers, and robes (po) worn when necessary. A distinctive feature of Baekje clothing, as seen in historical records, was the design of trousers: the hems were encircled with decorative lines, yet unlike other styles, the bottoms were not bound or tightened with cords. This unique fashion detail sets Baekje attire apart within the traditions of ancient Korean dress.

Traditional Hanji Lantern Inspired by a Korean Folktale - Granny Red Bean Porridge and the Tiger

This Hanji lantern, created by Geurimtory Hanji Workshop , is inspired by a beloved traditional Korean folktale. The story chosen for this piece is “The Red Bean Porridge Granny and the Tiger” —a favorite among children. Long ago, deep in the mountains,there live d an old woman who cultivated a red bean field. She was so skilled at making delicious red bean porridge that people called her Red Bean Porridge Granny . One peaceful day, a massive tiger appeared and threatened to eat her. The granny calmly pleaded, “It’s okay if you eat me, but if I die, who will make this delicious porridge for you?” She managed to persuade the tiger to return in the winter, when the first snow falls, so he could enjoy the porridge before eating her. With no one to turn to, the granny wept in despair. But to her surprise, the objects around her— a wooden frame for carrying loads, a straw mat, an awl, some dung, an egg, and even a soft-shelled turtle —came to life, listened to her story, and...

Sungnyemun

Sungnyemun, also known as Namdaemun, was the main gate of the fortress wall that surrounded Seoul during the Joseon Dynasty. Construction began in the 4th year of King Taejo’s reign (1395) and was completed in 1398, the 7th year of his reign. Designated as National Treasure No. 1, it was the oldest wooden building remaining in Seoul. However, it was destroyed by fire in 2008 and was later restored on July 3, 2013. In 2009, it was recreated as a Hanji lantern and exhibited at the Seoul Lantern Festival . It is unlikely that Sungnyemun ever existed as a real architectural structure. Although many ancient documents reference Sungnyemun, the architecture of the lantern version of Sungnyemun defies construction logic. The structure is built with massive stones, each seemingly carved and stacked with ruler-like precision, leaving no room for even a sesame leaf between the joints. Such precision surpasses even today’s scientific capabilities. Because of this, some speculate that Sungnyemun w...

Traditional Hanji Lantern Inspired by a Korean Folktale - Granny Red Bean Porridge and the Tiger

This year’s lantern is a traditional Hanji lantern inspired by one of the most beloved Korean folktales among children: Granny Red Bean Porridge and the Tiger . Once upon a time, deep in the mountains, there lived an old woman who cultivated red beans. She was so skilled at making red bean porridge that people called her “Granny Red Bean Porridge.” One peaceful day, a tiger the size of a house suddenly appeared and threatened to eat her. Granny pleaded, “I don’t mind dying, but if I do, who will make this delicious porridge? Come back in the snowy winter. You can enjoy the porridge then—and eat me if you still want to.” She barely managed to persuade the tiger to leave. Left with no one to turn to, the old woman wept alone. Just then, the items in her home—her carrying frame, a straw mat, an awl, some dung, an egg, and even a softshell turtle—gathered around and told her not to worry. When winter came and the tiger returned on the day of the winter solstice, Granny and her loyal “fri...

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